Human Resource Management Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Management Essay You are required to answer Section A Question 1 and 3 Question selected form part B Section A: 1. Pucik (2007) identified three strategic approaches to International HRM, Identify and critique each of these approaches in relation to the India Calling case study discussed in class. Bring in examples from other organisation. Section B: 2. The models associated with best practice school of HRM assume a universalist approach which suggests a specific set of practices will lead to superior organisational performance. Critically evaluate the relevance of this approach in modern organisations with reference to relevant theory. 3. Line managers play a critical role in implementing HRM policies and procedures, Critically evaluate the challenges faced by the HR team in communicating policies and policies and practices to front line managers use the example to consider how front line managers can engage their direct reports in the HRM policies and procedures of their organization. 4. With reference to three different approaches to performance management evaluate how a Strategic HR strategy can effectively influence performance in teams and individuals. 5. Given the recent decline in trade union membership are they still as important in the workplace and society today? 6. Modern organization face huge challenges to retain knowledge given the increase in labour flow. Critically evaluate how (1) technology and (2) social capital can assist an organisation to retain knowledge. 7. As the world changes around us companies are placing increased emphasis on  corporate social responsibility (CSR). Using examples form business. Critically evaluate how a CSR strategy can attract and retain people in an organization. Many firms competing globally are being pointed in contradictory strategic directions, in order to survive and prosper in the new global competition,companies must embrace closer regional and global integration to cut cost and improve efficiency, while at the same time, meet demands for local responsiveness to increase local acceptance, flexibility and speed,’ on the basis of his research ,Pucik(2007) identified three strategic approaches to this issue. 1. A mega-national strategy, which means that the whole company operates in a centralized fashion. Worldwide facilities are centralized in the parent company, products are standardized, and overseas operations are used as delivery pipelines to serve international markets. There is tight central control of strategic decisions, resources and information. As a result, the competitive strength of the mega-national firm is its global integration resulting in cost efficiencies. However, the firm’s ability to respond to variations in local conditions is limited and the international operation can become bureaucratic and inflexible. 2. A multi-domestic strategy, which emphasizes local differences by decentralizing operations to their subsidiaries and local business units in order to the close to customers, to create a heightened sense of local accountability and to encounrage more local innovation and entrepreneurship. But this can lead to an inability to compete on global term with fully integrated competitors, slowness in responding to change and failure to benefit from pooled resources, including knowledge and management expertise. Decentralized companies meeting these problems tend to veer towards centralization until bureaucracy, lack of responsiveness and the inability to retain good people locally leads the pendulum to swing again towards centralization. 3. Dual centralized /decentralized strategy, which aims to benefit from both approaches, firms adopting a dual strategy recognize that decentralization (local autonomy) and centralization (global integration) are not contradictory, but from a duality.. They attempt to maximize the benefits from both approaches in order to achieve high integration while remaining locally responsive. This can mean following the  old adage of â€Å"think globally and act locally’ and can get the best out of both words. But it is a hard strategy to implement. It requires managers with what Pucik calls a â€Å"global mindset†, who can behave and act in a way that recognizes the global nature of the firm and who can focus both on worldwide strategies and the need to encourage the development of local initiatives and allow a reasonable degree of local autonomy within a global frame work.

Cynthia Theriault Essay -- Design and Technology

Cynthia Theriault Documentum, Inc. Documentum, a Silicon Valley startup, is the first to market with an enterprise-scale document management solution built from standard relational database technologies in combination with object-oriented methodologies. The software enables people to collaboratively create, manage, deliver, and archive the content that drives business operations. The Company is at the crossroads of marketing strategies. Jeff Miller, the new CEO of Documentation, is faced with the question whether to undertake an innovative, but unproven, market selection process presented by Geoffrey Moore, a well-known Silicon Valley marketing pundit. Boeing (aerospace market) and Syntex (pharmaceutical market) were the first two customers of Documentum. During a prospect meeting with Boeing, Documentum realized that their new product did not have reference material for the customer. Additionally, during the meeting, presenters spoke of the product’s technical architecture instead of telling Boeing what the product would do for their company. Documentum was not meeting the customer’s expectations because they were not communicating on the customer’s level. During a meeting with Syntex, Documentum realized that their core software was not universal. The core technology had to be customized for each industry. It was a good product, which validated their concept that companies needed an easy and accurate way to share and archive documents. In t...

Axis I and II Disorders in Children

Axis I Disorders include the following: â€Å"adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders, dissociative disorders, eating disorders, impulse-control disorders, mood disorders, personality disorders, psychotic disorders, sleep disorders, as well as, somatoform disorders† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 345 – 730).â€Å"Axis II†, on the other hand, covers the following conditions: â€Å"personality disorders, mental retardation, as well as, autism† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 27 – 134 & 679 – 730).Furthermore, â€Å"Axis II† disorders may already emerge during an individual’s childhood life while â€Å"Axis I† disorders usually present itself during the stage of adulthood (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744).Moreover, â€Å"Axis II’s† symptoms linger awhile longer than the clinical manifestations of â€Å"Axis I† and that â€Å"A xis II† disorders may negatively impact ones’ life since interaction may be more difficult as compared with â€Å"Axis I† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744).In addition to that, â€Å"medical attention is necessitated when it comes to principal disorders† which are covered in â€Å"Axis I† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744). â€Å"Axis II† on the other hand, are those â€Å"shaping the current response to the Axis I problem† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744). It may also influence the individual to the â€Å"Axis I† dilemma (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744).Differences in Treatment ApproachesThe differences in treatment approaches are as follows: â€Å"Anxiety and phobic disorders† may be treated through the following techniques: â€Å"desensitization, flooding, relaxation† (De J ongh et. al., 1999, pp. 69 – 85). â€Å"Obsessive-compulsive disorder† may be address through the following techniques: â€Å"relaxation and relapse-prevention† (McKay, 1997, pp. 367 – 369). â€Å"Depressive disorders† are treated the â€Å"cognitive behavioral technique, as well as, relaxation† (Ackerson, 1998, pp. 685 – 690).â€Å"Conduct disorders† are addressed through â€Å"positive reinforcement† and â€Å"extinction† (Bailey, 1996, pp. 352 – 356). â€Å"Hyperactivity syndromes† are treated by the following techniques: â€Å"time out, positive reinforcement, and extinction† (Quay, 1997, n.p.). â€Å"Pervasive developmental disorders† are addressed by the following techniques as well: â€Å"time out, positive reinforcement, and extinction† as well as, â€Å"aversive techniques† (Bristol-Power et al., 1999, pp. 435 – 438).â€Å"Encopresis/enuresis† is tre ated through â€Å"positive reinforcement† (Boon et. al., 1991, pp. 355 – 371). The treatments for â€Å"Mental Retardation† are the following: â€Å"positive reinforcement, extinction and time-out, prompting and shaping, as well as, aversive techniques† (Jones, 2006, pp. 115 – 121). â€Å"Tics† are treated by massed practice (Sand et. al., 1973, pp. 665 – 670).Working with Different Children from Axis I, Axis II, or BothIn case I would need to address a child’s case wherein Axis I and Axis II Disorders both occur at the same time, I will make sure to consider the â€Å"development of cognitive, social, and motor skills† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744). In addition, â€Å"the one that initiated evaluation or clinical is regarded as the principal diagnosis† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744).Most Important Things to Consider when Working with Ch ildrenThe most important things to take into consideration when working with children are the following: first of all, the ethical and professional issues that emerges in mental health work with children; second, the culture that the child and his or her family believes / practices / grew up in; third, the proper treatment/intervention; fourth include the following contemporary structure of â€Å"services, evidence-based practice, and psychopharmacology† (American Psychiatric Association et. al., 2000, pp. 1 – 744).ReferencesAckerson, J. et. al., (1998). Cognitive Bibliotherapy for Mild and Moderate AdolescentDepressive Symptomatology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66: 685 – 690.American Psychiatric Association, American Psychiatric Association, American PsychiatricAssociation Task Force on DSM-IV. (2000). Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV-TR. VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.Bailey, V.F.A. (1996). Intensive Interven tions in Conduct Disorders. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 74: 352 – 356.

Communication and Young People - 2956 Words

Effective Communication and Professional Relationships with Children, Young People and Adults Study Pack Effective Communication and Professional Relationships with Children, Young People and Adults Study Pack 2011 Michelle Canning CACHE PIN: 30134483 CACHE No: 502.000 2011 Michelle Canning CACHE PIN: 30134483 CACHE No: 502.000 TDA 3.1 Communication and professional relationship with children, young people and adults. This pack has been produced to help people in a support role, raise awareness of the importance of effective communication and professional relationships with children, young people and adults who are working in an educational environment. The pack will be separated into three key areas, 1.†¦show more content†¦Modern British society is constantly changing, over the years many waves of new immigrants have brought with them new cultural influences. Language and cultural differences can pose a problem so it is important to be aware of these differences and use good communication skills when dealing with EASL families. Be aware that adults who do not speak English as a first language could feel vulnerable and uncomfortable with the lack of understanding and it could lead to a lot of miscommunication. They may feel less confident in approaching people and may often rely on others for information and could feel excluded. Being aware of social and cultural differences can help identify potential issues. People as individuals will always have different ability, physically and mentally which may cause them to have limited communication ability such as blind people, deaf people or people who have issues regarding cognitive ability. It is very important that people have the support to help them participate as much as possible in school life as pupils, parents or staff members. As part of the schools Equal Opportunities Policy a lot of information will be held in this document that promotes inclusion regardless of age, race, gender or ability, as part of school policy and good working practice make sure you have an opportunity to read it. Socially British society holds enormous diversity. Schools are an areaShow MoreRelatedCommunication with Children and Young People983 Words   |  4 Pages Page 1 Communication and professional relationships with children young people and adults Good professional relationships can be a rewarding way for two or more people to work together and help each other after moving on to other opportunities. A lack of a professional relationship on the other hand, can lead to lost productivity and hard feelings at work. Many people don t think that they have the skills necessary to build professionalRead MoreCommunication and Professional Relationships with Children, Young People, and Adults891 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication and Professional Relationships: One of the most important roles of teachers is helping children to develop positive relationships with others. For children, this process involves learning cognitive skills while at school and learning how to work and play in collaboration with others. In order for teachers to pass skills on communication and professional relationships with children, young people, and adults; they should be good role models. This involves demonstrating an understandingRead MoreCommunication and Professional Relationships with Children, Young People and Adults1687 Words   |  7 PagesUNIT TDA 3.1 – COMMUNICATION AND PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIPS WITH CHILDREN, YOUNG PEOPLE AND ADULTS 1.1. Effective communication is important in developing positive relationships with children and young adults because it helps the child to be able to communicate effectively with other people as they grow. Children react better to clear, concise communication and this in turn will help to build better relationships between child and adult and enable trust to grow, which is one of the key elementsRead MoreCommunication and Professional Relationships with Children Young People and Adults1872 Words   |  8 PagesUnit Title: Communication and professional relationships with children young people and adults OCR Unit 1 1) 1.1 Effective communication is important in developing positive relationships with children, young people and adults in all walks of life and at any age whether it be with relatives, friends, neighbours, colleagues, associates or even total strangers. Also, effective language skills are essential for children to access the curriculum. In the classroom, spoken language is the main way thatRead MoreTda 2.3 Communication and Profesionalrelationshipswith Children and Young People3181 Words   |  13 Pagesbe discussing the different way we communicate with children, young people and other adults. Also, how to deal with disagreements between children and adults. And looking at how we speak and communicate with people and the benefits it has Task 1 Children and young people Describe how to establish respectful, professional relationships with children and young people It’s most important that first of all you talk to a child or young person that is at a level that is appropriate to their age. MakingRead MoreTDA 2.3 – Communication and Professional Relationships with Children Young People and Adults Interacting with and Responding to with Children and Young People1080 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿TDA 2.3 – Communication and Professional Relationships with Children Young People and Adults Interacting with and Responding to with Children and Young People [TDA2.3   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ   1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4, 2.1, 2.2]    CHILDREN YOUNG PEOPLE 1) How to establish respectful, professional relationships with children and young people You’ll need to change your behaviour and method of communication when establishing respectful, professional relationships with children and young people. This canRead MoreThe Controversial Issues Of Young People Using Internet And Communication Technologies1680 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen widely used. The consequences of them on young people are powerful, however it has been an argumentative issue throughout years as the impacts contain both positive and negative sides. Based on the data from American life Project, there is an increasing rate of young people using smartphones and online social networking site such as Facebook, Twitter. This essay focuses on the controversial issues of young people using internet and communication technologies, whether this should be concernedRead MoreCyberbullying : A New Source Of Communication And Socializing For Young People Today1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe Internet is a new source of communication and socializing for young people today. Almost every teenager has a social network account, and uses it at least once a day. The problem that Internet has brought is cyberbullying. Cyberbullying has badly affected many people and taken some lives. Action should be taken in order to address this issue. The bullies should get some type of punishment no matter what age they are and the victim should be offered help. Cyberbullying is known as bullying withRead More2.3 Communication and Professional Relationships with Children, Young People and Adults3307 Words   |  14 PagesEstablishing a respectful, professional relationship with children and young people In order to develop a positive relationship with children and young people the Teaching Assistant needs to show they are friendly, approachable and have an interest in talking to the children they are working with. This involves showing good body language, smiling, maintaining eye contact and displaying active listening, such as responding appropriately, asking additional relevant questions and showing empathy. AlsoRead MoreUnit 301: Communication professional relationships with children, young people and adults1597 Words   |  7 Pageshelps children and young people to gain the most from being in school and is important to ensure the communication of information between children and the adults responsible for them. We are more likely to build a positive relationship with someone when we can communicate effectively with them. Effective communication is a way of setting boundaries so everyone knows what is expected of them. Most disagreements and conflicts are caused by a breakdown in communication. Children

Gandhi An Icon Of Social Justice And Nonviolent...

Gandhi, as an icon of social justice and nonviolent resistance has captivated the hearts of people all over the world. Gandhi is a remarkable individual who was able to do something rarely seen in the history of revolutions and political struggles. Gandhi was able to unite a bitterly divided country of people to peacefully bring down one of the most powerful political entities in world history; The British Empire. Gandhi has a powerful life story which has been recreated in films such as â€Å"Gandhi† (1982), â€Å"The Making of Mahatma† (1996) and â€Å"Gandhi, My Father† (2007). These three films help to communicate a well-rounded portrait of who Gandhi was. Each film portrays Gandhi in a slightly different way that highlights and emphasizes different elements of his leadership, his relationship with his family and his personal character. A strong characteristic of Gandhi shown in the three films is his role as a leader. Gandhi demonstrates the characteristics of what it truly looks like to both lead and represent his people. While many nations are often represented by powerful, noble aristocratic men who cannot relate to the average common person, Gandhi does all he can to humble himself to the average Indian because he knows that people will be better mobilized under his leadership if Gandhi represents their best interests. Gandhi was not always like this. In the films â€Å"Gandhi† and â€Å"The Making of Mahatma,† Gandhi dresses like an Englishmen and desires to be treated with high respectShow MoreRelatedPatriotism and People Who Commit Acts of Civil Disobedience Essay2107 Words   |  9 Pagesright to disobey laws that they know to be unjust. Yet by this measure, the heroes of the past such as the American colonists, abolitionists, women’s suffragists, Gandhi, Martin Luther King Junior, Ros a Parks, and Nelson Mandela would be little more than common criminals. All of these heroes broke the law in the name of a greater justice, and today all of them are revered as being the most patriotic of all people. The attribution of patriotism to people who commit acts of civil disobedience is lawfulRead MoreEssay Religion and Politics in Tibet4517 Words   |  19 Pages Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, is the spiritual and political leader of an ancient people without a country, and is the binding and driving force behind Tibetan nonviolent resistance and cultural rebuilding. He was born July 6, 1935, making him 69 years old. He has lived all but 15 of these 69 years in exile from his country, continually being a main reason for their survival. The Dalai Lama is now considering his successor, and plans to do so through democratic means instead of theRead MoreIs Rosa Parks a True Hero2506 Words   |  11 Pagesup. When another white man boarded, the driver ordered Parks and three blacks seated next to her to move. Parks refused and was arrested. This act of individual resistance, especially in a time where there was lynching for blacks who stepped out of line was rare, especially for a woman. Although it seems insignificant, Parks’ resistance on Dec. 1, 1955 changed the course of history and led to her other major accomplishments, eventually making her an American Hero.2 Sparked by the arrest of RosaRead MoreThe Rise of African-Americans from 1865 to 2012, Their Struggles to Become Free Americans3047 Words   |  13 Pagessparked the famous Montgomery bus boycott that was organized by another soon to be famous person, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Kings involvement in the Civil Rights Movement made him an icon. King idea was to make a statement using a non-violent approach. â€Å"Following closely with the nonviolent philosophy of Gandhi (the leader of India during its movement for independence; he was assassinated in 1948), King and the Southern Black Church assumed the mantle of civil rights leadership† (Bowles, 2011)Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesThis page intentionally left blank Foreword One of the most useful things about Ennis Edmondss Rastafari: From Outcasts to Culture Bearers is that it correctly traces the connection between the emergence of Rastafarianism and the history of resistance and black consciousness that has been part of the Jamaican experience for years. The truth is that there has always been a committed Jamaican counter- culture that celebrates and sees redemption in Africa and rejects the European values that haveRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesperspectives on the past) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7 (paper : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0271-4 (electronic) 1. History, Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard

Shakespeares Tragic Hero in The Tragedy of Julius...

After hundreds of years The Tragedy of Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare has been studied, reviewed, taught, read, and immortalized in films. Why would a voluminous amount of resources be poured into this simple play? As with Shakespeare’s other works, this play has been a great tool for English majors, authors, and any interested to have an insight on human action and reason. The tragedy follows Cassius and Brutus, the protagonists, as they seek to overthrow Julius Caesar from monarchy in Rome. They plan to achieve this by killing him then taking the power for themselves. These two and six others succeed in killing Caesar but did not take power. Instead, three other men as triumvirs: Octavius, Antony, and Lepidus have decided to split†¦show more content†¦This is his love, admiration, and care for all people of Rome. The people of Rome looked to Brutus and honored him for his support and generosity, but there was one who saw this as a manipulative fault. This was Cassius and e used Brutus’s very strength and what Brutus loved so dear to turn him against his people’s respect to another. â€Å"Well, Brutus, thou art noble yet I see thy honorable mettle may be wrought†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (899). Cassius stated this in a famous soliloquy where he revealed how he would turn Brutus against Rome and its leader. The clever Cassius saw that Brutus headstrong yet wary in his trust for Caesar. Cassius used the doubt Brutus had and played into it by creating fake letters of the people. In this Brutus was forever implicated as a figure head in the conspiracy to kill Caesar, which eventually destroys him emotionally and physically. The second major flaw Brutus has apart of his being was the assassination of Caesar itself. By killing Caesar Brutus not only killed a leader, but a friend, a brother, and himself. As Shakespeare and history explained Brutus and Caesar were friends and called upon one another frequently. Time went by and each grew in po wer and honor while they also became closer and trusted each other strongly. The love and trust grown for each lasted almost until each of their deaths. This love as brothers was so powerful that Brutus even proclaimed it while drenched in Caesar’s blood and minutes after he had brutally andShow MoreRelatedMarcus Brutus: Shakespeares Tragic Hero in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar1238 Words   |  5 PagesMarcus Brutus as a tragic hero in the play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. Shakespeare defines tragic hero as a flawed character who has good fortune, and then loses all he has prized, leading to his misfortune, but a tragic hero must have that moment of enlightenment, that moment where a character can see that he caused his own downfall and receives the blame for his own tragedy. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is based on an historical event- the assassination of Julius Caesar; however, the storyRead MoreDoes Brutus â€Å"Qualify† as a Tragic Hero?873 Words   |  4 Pa gesDoes Brutus â€Å"qualify† as a tragic hero? Marcus Brutus does qualify as the tragic hero in Shakespeare’s play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. A tragic hero is a good or even great man and thus wins our sympathy causing catharsis. A tragic hero displays hamartia— the hero makes a mistake causing the downfall of his fortune. A tragic hero usually brings suffering and death to other characters, even a whole country. Finally, a tragic hero goes into a situation in which there is no gettingRead MoreMarcus Brutus as the Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Julius Caesar1267 Words   |  6 PagesBrutus as the Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Julius Caesar Because of Shakespeares popularity among scholars and literary critics, his plays have been studied time after time. In the four hundred or so years since they were written, Shakespeares plays and other literary masterpieces have been categorized. Many of them, including Shakespeares portrayal of Julius Caesars murder and the resulting events for Rome and for Caesars conspirators, have been put into the tragedies category. AccordingRead MoreA Tragic Hero As Used By Shakespeare. In, â€Å"The Tragedy1657 Words   |  7 PagesA Tragic Hero as Used by Shakespeare In, â€Å"The Tragedy of Julius Caesar,† by William Shakespeare, you can see Shakespeare’s use of a tragic hero. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is a play about how Marcus Brutus and Cassius contemplate the murder of the great Julius Caesar. The play discusses the planning of the murder, and the events that follow the catastrophe. Brutus is one of the conspirators in the murdering of Caesar and is also one of his beloved friends. Shakespeare incorporates traditionalRead More Marcus Brutus as Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Julius Caesar Essays735 Words   |  3 PagesMarcus Brutus as Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Julius Caesar      Ã‚   In many stories there is a tragic hero. The hero finds out about himself and the people around him in the story. In Shakespeares play, Julius Caesar, Marcus Brutus is the tragic hero. The play Julius Caesar is about politics and betrayal in ancient Rome. Brutus is part of the senate, which is below Caesar, who is soon to be crowned. The senate wants to overthrow Caesar to save Rome. To do this the senate has to get BrutusRead MoreElements that Make a Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Works Essay1117 Words   |  5 PagesElements that Make a Tragic Hero in Shakespeares Works In all of Shakespeares tragedies, the hero must suffer and in some if not most cases, die. What makes a tragic hero? One has to be a man of high estate: a king, a prince or an officer of some high rank. It was common practice for Shakespeare to tell of his tragic hero through the voices of others around his hero. This way we can understand his conflicts, his struggles, and flaws. Usually the heros own actions and obsessions bringRead MoreJulius Caesar: The Quintessence of a Tragic Hero1156 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Julius Caesar is the illustration of the demise of many respectable men. Typical of a tragedy, one character of high social standing experiences numerous downfalls brought on by a character flaw. This character is eventually brought to his or her knees by the misery and sorrow brought upon by these mistakes. It is at this point that the character realizes their flaws and changes their outlook. In Shakespeare’s tragedy, the tragic hero is Julius Caesar. In theRead MoreAnalysis Of Julius Shakespeare s Julius Caesar 1299 Words   |  6 PagesBrutus’ Role in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, written by William Shakespeare in 1599, is just one example of a typical Shakespearean tragedy. At the beginning of the book, the reader believes that the Julius Caesar is the main character and that the whole book will revolve around him. By the time the reader finishes the book it is clear that Decius Brutus, or just ‘Brutus’, is the main character and the tragic hero. Shakespeare’s idea of a tragic hero had five specificRead MoreMarcus Brutus as a Tragic Hero Essay1002 Words   |  5 Pages A tragic hero in Shakespearean literature is understood as a noble and heroic character who makes a series of bad decisions based on his bad judgment that leads to his downfall and eventually death. In William Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar, the tragic hero is Marcus Brutus, a powerful Roman senator who joins a conspiracy to assassinate the Roman ruler, Julius Caesar. Marcus Brutus is a tragic hero because of his noble reputation, h is moral personality, the cathartic experience that the audienceRead MoreShakespeare’S Tragic Hero . William Shakespeare, â€Å" The1492 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare’s Tragic Hero William Shakespeare, â€Å" The Bard†, is one of the most influential figure that shaped the english language. He has wrote some of the most well known poetry and plays. Also he has has a large influence on the english language itself. He added around 5,000 different words that we still use today. Some Shakespeare’s most well known plays are Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, and The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar was one of Shakespeare s plays that

Profiles of a Spa Customer free essay sample

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Business travelers who want to minimize jet lags, mothers who wants to spend time for themselves, persons with back problems seeking for relief, weekend warriors who are sore from overexertion, an obese man who needs help in controlling his weight, or a couple who wants to reconnect, all come to one place to seek help, the spa. Today’s spa is a center for healing and nourishing mind, body, and spirit. People go to spas for fitness, stress management, peace of mind, pampering and pleasure, and health and wellness. Spas are everywhere. According to the International Spa Association (ISPA), the number of spas in the United States grew at an annual rate of 21% from 1995-1999 and continues to show strong growth. The size of the U. S. spa industry in 2001 was estimated at 9,632 locations; in 2000, that number was 5,689. (Register, 2008). Here in the Philippines, the demand for spa services continues to grow. According to Libarios (2006), as more and more people pine for inner-healing-this and alternative-lifestyle-that, the market for spas and wellness centers has ballooned over recent years. These so-called health-hubs sprouted in the metro like wild mushrooms in the forest—from the most exclusive centers that cater only to society’s well-heeled set down to the modest hole-in-the-wall that offer services at affordable rates. Libarios further adds that even the Department of Tourism (DOT) has sunk its teeth into the trend. Sensing that the demand for spas is not a novelty that would later die a sudden death, it took the initiative to transform the Philippines into the â€Å"sparadise† of Asia. Despite the noticeable dip in the economy, the demand for spas has shown no signs of slowing down. The demand for spa services is driven by personal income and demographic trends. The profitability of individual companies depends on efficient resource use and effective marketing. That is why the profile of spa customers is very essential. This study is intended to determine the profile of spa customers in Bacolod City in order to effectively create an effective feasibility study in putting up a spa business in the future. Statement of the Problem This study tried to determine the profile of spa customers among the selected spa establishments in Bacolod City. Specifically, it tried to satisfy the following questions: . What is the personal profile of spa customers of the selected establishments in Bacolod City in terms of their: a. Gender; b. Marital status; c. Age; d. Employment Status; e. Educational Background; and f. Monthly Income. 2. What is the customers’ prevalence of spa visits in a year? 3. What are the factors that influence their choice of spa to visit? 4. What o ther information may be included in order to support the proposed feasibility study? Operational Framework In this study, the researcher wants to find out the profile of spa customers in the five selected spa establishments in Bacolod City. The personal profile of these spa customers may vary from their gender up to their monthly income. Once their personal profile is established, the next step is to identify the type of spa that they will prefer to avail of once they visit a spa. The researcher is also interested in finding out the influential factors that controls their choice of spa treatments. And finally, the researcher would further sought to find out the necessary information that may be gathered that he deemed were necessary in order to support his proposed feasibility study on the establishment of spa business in Bacolod City. Figure 1 presents the schematic diagram of the operational framework. Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of the Operational Framework Significance of the Study The study is deemed beneficial in the following manner: This study will provide necessary background for future spa entrepreneurs in putting up their own spa establishments. The profile of the customers may also help identify consistency, and repeat purchase and filter posers versus the people who will really come back for not only a 2nd and 3rd massage therapy, but to identify dependable, consistent, steady and reliable customers. The additional information that will be gathered from this study may help ease the possibility that future spa businesses in the city may not suffer the same fate as those business establishments who closed shop early. This study may be replicated by other researchers who are envisioning operating other spa business outside of the city, but on a much wider scope, which may involve other variables not covered in this study. Scope and Limitations of the Study This study was only concerned in finding out the profile of the 5 selected spa establishments in Bacolod City. The respondents of the study were limited only to the customers of the selected spa establishments. The personal profile of the spa customer only covered their age, gender, marital status, educational background, employment status, and monthly income. In the process of conducting this research, the following constraints were identified, namely: the non-participation of some identified respondents in the data gathering and the non-availability of some important respondents during the data gathering. Definition of Terms The following terms were defined operationally for better understanding. Age. This refers to the stage of the life of the spa customers grouped in 6 categories ranging from 18 years and below to over 65 years. Gender. This refers to the sexual characteristics of the spa customers classified as male and female. Educational Background. This refers to highest level of education attained by the spa customers grouped in 4 categories namely: did not complete high school, completed high school, university/college degree holder, and post graduate degree holder. Employment Status. This refers to employment condition of the spa customers grouped in 4 categories: employed full-time, employed part-time, unemployed, and retired. Marital Status. This refers to civil condition of the spa customers grouped in 3 categories namely: single, married, and couple/in a relationship. Monthly Income. This refers to monthly net earnings of the spa customers classified into 6 groups ranging from below Php 20,000. 00 to over Php 20,000. 00. Profile. This refers to personal description of the customers of the selected spa establishments in Bacolod City. Spa Establishments. This refers to five selected spa businesses in Bacolod City such as the Bacolod Spa, Grand Royal Spa, Body and Sole, and Quintessence Spa. Swedish Massage. A kind of massage offered in most spa businesses in Bacolod City. It is a system of therapeutic massage and exercise for the muscles and joints, developed in Sweden in the 19th Century. Shiatsu Massage. A kind of massage offered in spa businesses in Bacolod City. It is a traditional hands-on therapy originating in Japan. Spa. A place of treatment, or is associated with water treatment, which is also known as balneotherapy. Facial. A facial is involving a variety of skin treatments, including: steam, exfoliation, extraction, creams, lotions, masks, peels, and massage. Normally performed in a beauty salon but it is also a common spa treatment. Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Related Literature According to the Spa Signature (2008) website, the word and concept of spa actually originates from the time of the Roman Empire when battle weary legionnaires tried to find a way to recover from their military wounds and ailments. They sought out hot wells and then built baths so that they could heal their aching bodies; calling these places aquae and naming the bathing treatments undertaken there Sanus Per Aquam (SPA) which means health by or through water. During this period, the town Spa in Belgium was founded for this purpose, rising to fame in the 14th century and still existing today. Having originated from this time, the culture of Spa developed in different ways throughout Europe, from the ongoing use of mineral water, through to using sea water and marine substances (Thalassotherapy) and a wide range of body and other therapies. Yet even today, the concept of health or healing forms the basis of the spa culture worldwide and hydrotherapy is seen as its defining feature. A spa differs from all other beauty businesses principally through the implied promise that the total experience of being there–everything from the initial greeting to checkout–will be exceptionally serene. The spa is a respite from the pressure and rigors of routine life, a genuine escape, and customers can and do expect almost flawless treatment and care ( Preston, 2008) The Spa Book: The Official Guide to Spa Therapy). According to SpaBoom. com, website, spas are booming due to a surge in stress. The International Spa Association (ISA) says this shows that people feel they should reward themselves for working hard. It is expected that specialized spa services that help people quit smoking, lose weight and treat depression will be a big growth market. In the U. S. , 40 percent of spa customers are men, and spas just for men are emerging in many corners of the nation (English. Chosun, 2007). These days spas come a dime a dozen, and massage parlors are as prolific as muscle aches. If before getting a spa treatment was a luxury only few could afford, the times have changed to adapt to the indulgent desires of an evolving status quo. Today spa treatments come in a range of prices, the spas themselves catering to particular markets. There is bound to be one in your neighborhood, just as likely as there is one off-shore in some fancy beach resort. Student prices now apply to the service of Swedish or Shiatsu, and body scrubs can either polish your resources and leave you dry, or keep you satiated without stripping you clean of your budget. The key is finding the right pressure points without pressuring you with the prices. Because at the end of the day, regardless if you’re rich or poor, everyone could do with a little rest and relaxation (Yu, 2009) www. discoverspas. com/book_store/books. shtml). Get the Best from a Spa According to eHow fashion website (n. d), in order to get the best from a spa, a series of steps must be conducted of which the first is to look at the spa facilities – ideally, the spa must be clean and is up to date with the latest technology. The next step is to pick a spa that has a relaxing atmosphere – an ideal spa must have soft lighting and plays relaxing music. The next thing to do is to get the best package since most spas will offer package deals to their clients. The fourth step is to ask for experienced therapist and talked to them during the session. And finally, relax during the treatment since your body will respond much better if you relax your muscles. How to Enjoy Spa Experience According to Ritajo (n. d), so as to enjoy a spa experience, the following procedures must be followed: first, research the type of spa you are interested in visiting; then, decide what treatments you want to experience; third, plan to take advantage of all that the spa facility offers; next, arrive early (at least 30 minutes) before your first treatment; and finally, enjoy the treatment and ask questions if you need to about what is being done. Related Studies In a 1997 spa-goer market study conducted by Health Fitness Dynamics (HFD) Inc. , clearly indicated women become less stressed as they age and that each age group seeks different results from a spa. Female spa-goers comprised 74% of the 2,332 spa-goers who used a spa while staying at a resort, an increase of 5% since HFDs landmark 1992 study of the spa-goer. This study further revealed the following account: 59% of the women under 30 years of age go to a spa at a resort when they are stressed; 34% of women over 60 visit spas to exercise and get fit; 48% of the younger women go to a spa at a resort when they feel like splurging. Here is what the study found women want from their resort-based spa experience: Women younger than 40 feel higher stress so they want to exercise and be pampered; In the 40-49 age group, a slight shift occurs since pampering becomes more important and exercise is of secondary importance; the 50-59 year olds are the most vulnerable group in terms of considering leaving spas as this group appears to have the least interest in most spa services, whether these services be exercise and fitness oriented or beauty and pampering oriented. In a study conducted by the International SPA Association (2006), in both the U. S. and Canada, about one quarter of adult consumers (26% of Americans and 25% of Canadians) has visited a spa. These percentages translate into roughly 57 million U. S. adults (aged 18 and older) and 6. 3 million Canadian adults. More recently, 15% of all Americans and 14% of all Canadians have visited a spa within the previous 12 months. These active spa-goers, representing 3. 7 million Canadian consumers and 32. 2 million U. S. consumers, are the focus of this study. When presented with a list of possible benefits sought (or highly valued) on most spa visits, U. S. nd Canadian spa-goers concur on the top five benefits they seek: relaxation, calm/quite/peacefulness, pampering, time out for themselves, and refreshment. When seeking information on which spas to visit, consumers (in both countries) are most likely to trust friends, followed by family members and coworkers. In another study conducted by the ISA’s (2007), it revealed that of the 70% of U. S. spas that offer packag es, the most commonly offered are those for men, couples, pregnant women and teens. According to firstresearch. com, Demand for spa services is driven by personal income and demographic trends. The profitability of individual companies depends on efficient resource use and effective marketing. Larger companies have some economies of scale in marketing and purchasing. Small companies compete by offering unique services, serving a local market, and delivering a superior customer experience. The spa industry is labor-intensive: average annual revenue per employee is less than $80,000. An industry study by Walter Walsh, author of the Book, â€Å"The Spa Apprentice, Major providers of spa services are day spas (70 percent of industry revenue); resort and hotel spas (20 percent); and medical spas (5 percent). Other providers include club spas, mineral springs spas, and destination spas. About 80 percent of the spa facilities in the US are day spas. Medical spas are similar to day spas, but focus on services by healthcare professionals, such as Botox injections and laser hair removal. Destination spas offer lodging and a specific health regime, such as weight loss or detoxification programs. The most popular spa services are full body massages, manicures and pedicures, and facials. Other services include movement classes, body scrubs or wraps. An article from the Sun Star Cebu, (courtesy of their website- www. Sunstar. com. ph,) ,The health and wellness industry in Cebu is expected to grow further this year as more people seek out services offered by local spas. However, Spa and Wellness Association of Cebu Inc. (Swac) president Johnie Lim warned that small establishments and those with less dedicated owners will not survive as competition becomes stiffer this year. â€Å"The industry will explode with growth in the market but many small spas will close,† said Lim, also owner of Body and Sole. â€Å"Those who will survive are those that have captured their own markets. Lim said growth in the industry will be caused by an increase in the number of people who seek the services of spa and wellness centers. â€Å"More people have realized the benefits of going to a spa, even those in the lower middle income (bracket). The trend can be seen even among people who have never been to a spa before,† he said during the first anniversary celebration of Body and Sole Minglanilla, a fran chised outlet. Lifestyle â€Å"It’s becoming a part of the lifestyle of many Cebuanos. (With the growth), Cebu is becoming wellness island,† he added. He said this year’s growth will surpass that of last year, which saw the number of registered spa centers rise to 160 from 90 in 2006. The competitiveness of a spa center would depend on its services, he said, adding that Body and Sole has a good following because it offers value-for-money services. Body and Sole has 41 company-owned and franchised outlets in the Visayas and will be opening another one in Toledo City, Cebu on Jan. 18. It also has three branches in Luzon. While more people now have enough money to pay for an occasional visit to a local spa, Lim said upscale spa centers in Cebu would not have a lot of room for expansion. The middle-end spa centers will expand but (the) high-end (ones), not so much. Cebuanos will still be price-conscious,† he said. Accreditation With this expected growth in the industry, Lim said Swac will ask the Cebu City Council to require new spa and wellness establishments to get an accreditation from the association. â€Å"The accred itation would ensure that spa and wellness centers in Cebu would follow the same standards,† he said. This is in line with Swac’s goal to promote Cebu as a spa and wellness center in the country, he added. Lim said he disagrees with the notion that Cebu’s spa and wellness industry cannot compare to those in Thailand. â€Å"Thailand has been offering spa and wellness services for more than 20 years. We’ve only just started,† he said. He said that while he is â€Å"very positive† about the local industry, the sector could grow further if government, particularly the tourism department, provides more support. â€Å"We in the private sector have been doing most of the promotion on our own. The government should be more supportive instead of critical,† Lim said. (LAP) Related Literature Sources: http://www.spabusiness.com/digital/index1.cfm?mag=codeid=0linktype=XYref=nissue= www. willenbooks. co. uk https://ru.scribd.com/document/262580027/1fb8ee5f097d1c7e70cb2caa6010f859 http://www.galleybayresort.com/massage.htm http://www.yeheyjp.com/product-category/mobile-phone http://lubbockonline.com/news/crime-and-courts/2017-03-08/police-1-critically-injured-shooting-near-downtown-lubbock http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19388160.2013.841502?src=recsysjournalCode=wctr20 http://www.spahandbook.com/